Test standards for insulation cotton

1. General basic testing method standard (applicable to all insulation cotton)
GB/T 6343-2009 "Determination of Apparent Density of Foam Plastics and Rubber"
Test item: Apparent density (mass per unit volume)
GB/T 10294-2008 "Determination of Steady-State Thermal Resistance and Related Properties of Thermal Insulation Materials - Guarded Hot Plate Method"
GB/T 10295-2008 "Thermal Insulation Materials - Determination of Steady-State Thermal Resistance and Related Properties - Heat Flow Meter Method"
Test items: thermal conductivity, thermal resistance (core insulation performance indicators)
GB/T 5480-2017 "Test Methods for Mineral Wool and Its Products"
Test items: Moisture content, moisture absorption, fiber diameter, shot content
GB/T 13480-2021 "Determination of Compressive Properties of Thermal Insulation Materials"
Test items: Compressive strength, compression resilience
GB 8624-2012 "Classification for Burning Behavior of Building Materials and Products"
Test item: Combustion rating (Class A non-combustible, Class B1 difficult to ignite, Class B2 combustible)
GB/T 8627-2007 "Test Method for Smoke Density of Building Materials During Combustion or Decomposition"
Test item: Smoke Density Rating (SDR)
GB/T 17794-2021 "Flexible Foam Rubber and Plastic Thermal Insulation Products"
Test item: Full-item performance applicable to rubber and plastic insulation cotton
2. Standards for various specialized insulation cotton products
1. Glass wool
GB/T 13350-2022 "Glass Wool and Its Products for Thermal Insulation"
GB/T 17795-2019 "Glass Wool Products for Building Thermal Insulation" Standardization Administration of China
Core indicators: thermal conductivity (≤0.040 W/(m・K)), density, combustion performance (Class A), shot content, moisture content
2. Rock wool / slag wool
GB/T 25975-2018 "Rock Wool Products for External Thermal Insulation of Building Exterior Walls"
Core indicators: density (100~200 kg/m³), thermal conductivity, combustion performance (Class A), acidity coefficient, tensile strength, dimensional stability
3. Aluminum silicate wool (for high temperature applications)
GB/T 16400-2023 "Aluminium Silicate Wool and Its Products for Thermal Insulation"
Application: Industrial kilns, pipelines (operating temperature up to 1000℃ or higher)
Core indicators: thermal shrinkage rate, shot content, heating line change rate
4. Needle-punched space cotton
GB/T 11048-2008 "Textiles - Test Method for Thermal Insulation Performance"
GB/T 10295-2008 "Determination of Steady-State Thermal Resistance and Related Properties of Thermal Insulation Materials - Guarded Hot Plate Method"
Indicator:
Thermal insulation rate ≥ 70% (conventional)
Thermal conductivity ≤ 0.031 W/(m·K)
5. Ceramic fiber blanket
Thermal conductivity: measured using the steady-state guarded hot plate method (GB/T 10294) or the heat flow meter method (GB/T 10295), covering data from room temperature to multiple temperature zones up to 1000℃. It is crucial for thermal insulation and energy conservation.
Thermal stability: According to GB/T 17911-2018, the sample is kept at the classification temperature for 24 hours, and after cooling, the linear shrinkage rate is measured to determine its long-term reliability.
Combustion performance: According to GB 8624-2012, it is rated as Class A non-combustible, suitable for high-temperature fireproofing scenarios.
Biological solubility: According to GB/T 3003-2017, the solubility of alkaline earth silicate fibers is ≥198×10⁻⁶, reducing biological risks.
3. Core Testing Items and Indicator Requirements (Abbreviated Table)
table
Performance category Key test items Common standards Typical qualified indicators
Thermal performance: Thermal conductivity (λ) GB/T 10294/10295: ≤0.030~0.045 W/(m·K)
Physical properties Apparent density GB/T 6343 Glass wool: 24~96 kg/m³
Moisture content  GB/T 5480  ≤1.0%
Water absorption rate GB/T 8810 ≤3~5%
Mechanical properties Compressive strength GB/T 13480 Rock wool: ≥40 kPa
Combustion performance  Combustion rating  GB 8624  Commonly used in buildings: Class A (non-combustible)
Oxygen Index (OI) GB/T 2406 Flame-retardant material: ≥30%
Smoke density GB/T 8627 SDR ≤75
Environmental Safety Formaldehyde Emission GB 18580 ≤0.10 mg/m³
Fiber diameter GB/T 5480 Glass wool: ≤8 μm
4. Commonly used international reference standards
ISO 8301: Determination of steady-state thermal resistance of thermal insulation materials
ISO 1182: Non-combustibility Testing of Building Materials
ASTM C518: Measurement of Thermal Conductivity by Steady-State Heat Flow Method
ASTM E84: Surface Burning Characteristics of Materials (Flame Spread Index)
5. Key points of inspection and engineering application
Construction engineering: mandatory inspection of thermal conductivity, combustion rating (GB 8624), density, and moisture content
Industry / High Temperature: Additional tests include heating wire change rate, thermal shrinkage rate, and slag ball content
Rubber and plastic insulation: focus on closed cell content, moisture permeability coefficient, and low temperature bending resistance

Regarding the insulation cotton industry, Foshan Zhiwei Adhesive Products Co., Ltd. has over 20 years of professional experience in providing matching solutions. We welcome inquiries from major manufacturers. Please contact us at yang@fszw-tapes.com.